A Pleistocene Clone of Palmer’s Oak Persisting in Southern California (Dec 2009) | BCH-VLR-SCBD-103718 | Biosafety Virtual Library Resources | Biosafety Clearing-House

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published: 27 Jul 2012 last updated: 02 Aug 2012

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A Pleistocene Clone of Palmer’s Oak Persisting in Southern California
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Michael R. May, Mitchell C. Provance, Andrew C. Sanders, Norman C. Ellstrand, Jeffrey Ross-Ibarra Jeffrey Ross-Ibarra Department of Plant Sciences, University of California Davis, Davis, California, United States of America Email: rossibarra@ucdavis.edu
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PLoS 1, Editor: Edward Newbigin, University of Melbourne, Australia
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2009-12
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PLoS ONE
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Copyright: © 2009 May et al. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited.
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Abstract:

Background: The distribution of Palmer’s oak (Quercus palmeri Engelm.) includes numerous isolated populations that are presumably relicts of a formerly larger range that has contracted due to spreading aridity following the end of the Pleistocene.

Principal Findings: We investigated a recently discovered disjunct population of Palmer’s oak in the Jurupa Mountains of Riverside County, California. Patterns of allozyme polymorphism, morphological homogeneity, widespread fruit abortion, and evidence of fire resprouting all strongly support the hypothesis that the population is a single clone. The size of the clone and estimates of annual growth from multiple populations lead us to conclude that the clone is in excess of 13,000 years old.

Conclusions: The ancient age of the clone implies it originated during the Pleistocene and is a relict of a vanished vegetation community. Range contraction after climate change best explains the modern disjunct distribution of Q. palmeri and perhaps other plants in California.
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doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0008346
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5 page pdf
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Citation: May MR, Provance MC, Sanders AC, Ellstrand NC, Ross-Ibarra J (2009) A Pleistocene Clone of Palmer’s Oak Persisting in Southern California. PLoS ONE 4(12): e8346. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0008346
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