The consequences on non-target organisms need also be given similar measure within the risk assessment as previously mentioned by evaluating how the novel trait will lead to effect of toxicity, trophic effects e.t.c.

Example – Consequences of effects to non-target organisms

When the inserted trait cause the plant to produce potentially toxic compounds, or if flower characteristics are changed, i.e. colour, flowering period, pollen production etc. then effects on pollinators has to be measured. A test of effects on honeybees (Apis melliferae) is obligatory because of the importance of honeybees as pollinators of both wild and crop species and because standardised test protocols testing for effects of conventional pesticides exists for this pollinator. These tests include exposure through nectar and pollen.

Source: Ministry of Environment and Energy Denmark (1999).