The Act on Liability for Preventing and Remedying Ecological Damages regulates the liability for prevention and remedying of ecological damages while observing "the polluter pays" principle and the principle of sustainable development.

The Act defines:
1. the ecological damages and the imminent threat for appearing of such damages;
2. the authorities of the executive bodies and the rights and obligations of the operators;
3. the procedures for choice and realizing preventive and remedial measures, including consultations with the public;
4. property liability of the operators and the financial-economical organization for providing the activities for prevention and remedying of ecological damages;
5. the requirements for cooperation and exchange of information in relation to ecological damages with other states and with the European Commission.

The Act applies in the cases of caused ecological damages or imminent threat for appearing of ecological damages, caused by action or inaction.