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Risk Assessment generated by a regulatory process
(RA)
published: 10 Jun 2016
last updated: 06 Feb 2017
Cisgenic apples with elevated anthocyanin levels
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27 Nov 2015
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Competent National Authority:Ministry of Infrastructure and Watermanagement ()Rijnstraat 8 2515 XPThe Hague, South Holland
P.O.Box 20901, Netherlands (Kingdom of the)Phone: +316 21463694,Fax:Email: terrens.saaki@minienw.nl,
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Person:dr Boet Glandorfsenior risk assessor, GMO OfficeP.O. Box 1Bilthoven,
3720 BA, Netherlands (Kingdom of the)Phone: +31 30 274 4176,Fax:Email: boet.glandorf@rivm.nl,Website:Related OrganizationNational Institute for Public Health and the Environment (RIVM)Government agency (National/Federal)P.O. Box 1Bilthoven,
3720 BA, Netherlands (Kingdom of the)Phone: +31 30 274 4176,Fax:Email: boet.glandorf@rivm.nl,Website:
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Cisgenic apples modified for elevated anthocyanin levels| Plant Research International(PRI) | Changes in quality and/or metabolite content (Flavonoids (e.g. anthocyanin))
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No specific environmental impact is expected. The trait (higher anthocyanin level) and the gene that is introduced are already present within the apple germplasm. High anthocynanin levels are not known to be involved in increased persistence or invasiveness, or in adverse effects on organisms, including insects, humans or animals. Anthocyanins are naturally present in high levels in many fruits and are also present in the skin of appels, without causing any negative effects. Benchmarks are provided by the red-fleshed cultivars present e.g. in the Wageningen Arboretum carrying the same gene and commercially available from breeders. Such non-GM apple cultivars with this particular gene are being cultivated and commercialized, however, most still only as ornamental trees. No positive or negative effects on the environment have been observed in cultivation of such varieties up till now. Therefore, no direct or indirect selective advantages in natural environments are to be expected for the GMPts carrying this gene.
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No pollinators will be used, only hand pollination. Monitoring will take place with a minimum of four times per month during the growing season. The location is fenced and bird nets will be placed to avoid damage to the fruits and dispersal of fruits and seeds. Apples will not enter the food chain and will be collected, scored for anthocyanin levels and destroyed.
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A secondary goal of this field trial is to gain data on environmental and other aspects required by the Dutch government to be able to prepare for so-called next level field trials with these cisgenic apple lines. Multiplication by generating budwood and preparing for taste panel trials in due time once sufficient appropriate data have been collected in this field trial are additional secondary goals.
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Testing in a field situation, comparable to a production apple orchard, the appearance (phenotype) of the cisgenic apple lines, one of cv. Gala and two of cv. Junami.
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- European GMO info database [ English ]
