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Living Modified Organism
(LMO)
The image below identifies the LMO through its unique identifier, trade name and a link to this page of the BCH. Click on it to download a larger image on your computer. For help on how to use it go to the LMO quick-links page.
Insect-resistant soybean
EN
MON94637
Yes
MON-94637-8
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Organization:Bayer CropScience AG ()Alfred-Nobel-Strasse 50Monheim am Rhein,
D - 40789, GermanyPhone:Fax:Email:Website:
Soybean (Glycine max) was modified to confer resistance to the lepidopteran insect pests: soybean looper (Chrysodeixis includens) and velvetbean caterpillar (Anticarsia gemmatalis). For insect resistance the soybean expresses two chimeric cry genes derived from Bacillus thuringiensis, cry1A.2 and cry1B.2. The Cry proteins function as insecticidal toxins that, when ingested, are proteolytically activated in the midgut of the insects, Chrysodeixis includens and Anticarsia gemmatalis, and bind to specific receptors on epithelial cells, forming pores that lead to insect death.
The term “Recipient organism” refers to an organism (either already modified or non-modified) that was subjected to genetic modification, whereas “Parental organisms” refers to those that were involved in cross breeding or cell fusion.
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BCH-ORGA-SCBD-10453-8 Organism Glycine max (Soybean, Soya bean, Soya / soja /соя, SOYBN)Crops
Soybean cultivar A3555 mid−maturity group III developed by Asgrow Seed Company
EN
PV-GMIR527237
EN
- Agrobacterium-mediated DNA transfer
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Some of these genetic elements may be present as fragments or truncated forms. Please see notes below, where applicable.
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BCH-GENE-SCBD-104802-5 Polyubiquitin10 gene promoter | Arabidopsis thaliana (Thale cress, Mouse-ear cress, Arabidopsis, ARATH)Promoter
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BCH-GENE-SCBD-280719-1 Cry1B.2 | Bacillus thuringiensis (Bt, Bacillus, BACTU)Protein coding sequence | Resistance to diseases and pests (Insects, Lepidoptera (butterflies and moths), Cotton bollworm (Helicoverpa spp.), European corn borer (Ostrinia nubilalis), Fall armyworm (Spodoptera frugiperda))
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BCH-GENE-SCBD-280718-1 Cry1A.2 | Bacillus thuringiensis (Bt, Bacillus, BACTU)Protein coding sequence | Resistance to diseases and pests (Insects, Lepidoptera (butterflies and moths), Cotton bollworm (Helicoverpa spp.), European corn borer (Ostrinia nubilalis), Fall armyworm (Spodoptera frugiperda))
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BCH-GENE-SCBD-280717-1 Lipoxygenase protein 3’ untranslated region | Medicago truncatula (Barrelclover, Strong-spined medick, Barrel medic, Barrel medick, MEDTR)Terminator
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BCH-GENE-SCBD-280716-1 CCCH-Type zinc finger protein 3’ untranslated region | Medicago truncatula (Barrelclover, Strong-spined medick, Barrel medic, Barrel medick, MEDTR)Terminator
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BCH-GENE-SCBD-280764-1 Chlorophyll a-b binding protein (CAB) promoter | Cucumis melo (Melon, Melons)Promoter
Information about the inserted DNA sequences
The modified soybean contains two gene cassettes integrated into the soybean genome:
(1) The Cry1A.2 cassette contains the promoter, leader and intron from the polyubiquitin gene ubq10 of Arabidopsis thaliana, a codon optimized gene fusion comprised of sequences encoding Cry1Ah, Cry1Ac, and Cry1Ca domains from Bacillus thuringiensis, and the 3ʹ UTR sequence from Medicago truncatula (barrel medic) of a gene encoding a putative zinc finger protein, which directs polyadenylation of the mRNA.
(2) The Cry1B.2 cassette contains the promoter and leader of a chlorophyll a/b-binding (CAB) protein from Cucumis melo (melon), which directs the transcription; a codon optimized gene fusion comprised of sequences encoding Cry1Be, Cry1Ka2 and Cry1Ab domains from Bacillus thuringiensis, and the 3ʹ UTR sequence from a lipoxygnase gene of Medicago truncatula which directs polyadenylation of the mRNA .
Note:
The modified soybean contains two gene cassettes integrated into the soybean genome:
(1) The Cry1A.2 cassette contains the promoter, leader and intron from the polyubiquitin gene ubq10 of Arabidopsis thaliana, a codon optimized gene fusion comprised of sequences encoding Cry1Ah, Cry1Ac, and Cry1Ca domains from Bacillus thuringiensis, and the 3ʹ UTR sequence from Medicago truncatula (barrel medic) of a gene encoding a putative zinc finger protein, which directs polyadenylation of the mRNA.
(2) The Cry1B.2 cassette contains the promoter and leader of a chlorophyll a/b-binding (CAB) protein from Cucumis melo (melon), which directs the transcription; a codon optimized gene fusion comprised of sequences encoding Cry1Be, Cry1Ka2 and Cry1Ab domains from Bacillus thuringiensis, and the 3ʹ UTR sequence from a lipoxygnase gene of Medicago truncatula which directs polyadenylation of the mRNA .
Note:
- For more information regarding the transformation of the parental line, kindly refer to the 'Additional information section';
DNA sequence alignment of the event MON94637 and the PV-GMIR527237 transformation plasmid confirmed that the modified soybean genome does not contain any sequences from the plasmid vector;
- Both Cry1A.2 and Cry1B.2 proteins are expressed throughout the plant (except Cry1B.2 which was not detected in root tissue). Expression levels are low in grain;
- The novel chimeric cry1A.2 and cry1B.2 genes are codon-optimized for expression in soybean and are composed of multiple domains of existing Cry1 proteins derived from B. thuringiensis. Each domain was either synthetically synthesized or PCR-amplified from an existing vector. As a result, no other genes from Bacillus thuringiensis are carried over into the MON 94637 genome;
- Next generation sequence reads from MON94637 (R3) that mapped to the intended T-DNA I insert were analysed and two unique insert-flank junction sites were identified. Each comprised the inserted T-DNA I border sequence joined to a flanking sequence in the soybean genome. This indicates that a single copy of the T-DNA I insert has been integrated into the genome of MON94637.
EN
- Food
- MON-94637-8 - EU Reference Laboratory for GM Food and Feed (EURL-GMFF) ( JRC ) [ English ]
To create the MON94637 soybean line, the conventional soybean variety A3555 was transformed using the binary plasmid vector PV-GMIR527237. This plasmid contains two separate transfer DNAs (T-DNAs):
(1) T-DNA I – contains the two trait expression cassettes;
(2) T-DNA II – contains the selectable marker cassettes splA and aadA. The aadA gene encodes an aminoglycoside modifying enzyme conferring spectinomycin and streptomycin resistance. The splA gene encodes a sucrose phosphorylase, which interferes with the sucrose metabolism during embryo development by converting sucrose into fructose and glucose–1–phosphate resulting in a recognizable wrinkled seed phenotype.
While both T-DNAs were inserted into the soybean genome during transformation, plants that contained only T-DNA I, and not T-DNA II, were isolated for further development.
(1) T-DNA I – contains the two trait expression cassettes;
(2) T-DNA II – contains the selectable marker cassettes splA and aadA. The aadA gene encodes an aminoglycoside modifying enzyme conferring spectinomycin and streptomycin resistance. The splA gene encodes a sucrose phosphorylase, which interferes with the sucrose metabolism during embryo development by converting sucrose into fructose and glucose–1–phosphate resulting in a recognizable wrinkled seed phenotype.
While both T-DNAs were inserted into the soybean genome during transformation, plants that contained only T-DNA I, and not T-DNA II, were isolated for further development.
EN
- Euginius: MON94637 soybean detailed information (MON-94637-8) [URL] [ English ]
- OECD Biotrack database: MON-94637-8 [URL] [ English ]
- FSANZ: A1310 - Food derived from insect-protected soybean line MON94637 [URL] [ English ]
- FSANZ: A1310 Safety Assessment - Food derived from insect-protected soybean line MON94637 [PDF] ( Food Standards Australia New Zealand ) [ English ]
- ISAAA GM approval database: Crop event MON 94637 (International Service for the Acquisition of Agri-biotech Applications) [URL] [ English ]
| Record type | Field | Record(s) | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Country's Decision or any other Communication | LMO identification | 2 | |
| Risk Assessment generated by a regulatory process | Living modified organism(s) | 2 | |
